30 November 2005

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

During 2003 and 2004, 220,000 Sudanese fleeing violence in Darfur sought refuge in neighbouring Chad. In 2005, the influx of Sudanese refugees into eastern Chad stopped. The situation stabilised and agencies were able to address adequately refugees’ needs. Furthermore, In order to mitigate the impact of the continued presence of refugees on eastern Chad’s fragile populations and environment, the humanitarian community devoted increased resources to assist local communities. Recent violence in Darfur suggests that the environment in western Sudan will remain too unsafe for refugees to return home in a near future. In 2006 the humanitarian community must therefore continue to provide care and support to refugees, as well as increase its assistance to host populations. Food security must be strengthened and income-generating activities must be encouraged for both refugees and local communities. Impact of the refugees’ presence on the eastern Chad poor environment has to be addressed. This well-balanced approach is also expected to foster more peaceful relations and coexistence between refugees and Chadian populations.

Since last June, the South of the country has been witnessing a new influx of refugees. As a result of increasing insecurity and violence in the north of the Central African Republic (CAR), 12,500 Central Africans have already fled into Southern Chad. This new caseload adds to the 30,000 Central African refugees present in this part of the country since 2003.  As the situation in northern CAR is likely to remain chaotic, at least for the coming months, the prompt return of Central African refugees to their country of origin appears unlikely. This sudden influx of refugees in southern Chad raises challenges comparable to those faced the East. The humanitarian community must now step up its operations so as to ensure adequate assistance to refugees and be prepared for a potential new influx of population. In order to avoid aid becoming an additional factor of instability, needs of local populations must be addressed too.

Finally, the political environment in Chad has remained tense throughout 2005. A controversial referendum held in June opened to President Déby the possibility to run for a third term in 2006.  Within the opposition, the referendum has been considered as a major blow to the political consensus upon which the relative political stability of the past 15 years had been built.  These political tensions raise concerns over the future stability of the country. The widespread circulation of small arms exacerbates the risk of a return to non-peaceful means of contestation. 

The original Consolidated Appeal (CA) for Chad 2005 appealed for US$ 182 million. This amount was later revised to US$ 224 million. As of 21 October, the CAP 2005 is only 54% funded (US$ 120.6 million). In 2006, the humanitarian community plans to assist more than 200,000 refugees in the east, 42,500 refugees in the south, as well as Chadian populations affected by the prevailing situations in these two parts of the country. In its work, the humanitarian community will strive to build capacity amongst national institutions to address emergencies. In order to allow the full implementation of these strategies, the CAP 2006 is appealing for US$ 167,069,799.  The CAP 2006 includes 43 projects in 10 different sectors.

Sector Name	Original Requirements (US$)
Agriculture	10,313,745
Coordination and Support Services	5,941,120
Economic Recovery and Infrastructure	2,517,981
Education	7,671,600
Food	40,129,295
Health	8,708,406
Mulit-Sector	84,534,118
Protection/Human Rights/Rule of Law	3,562,240
Security	338,069
Water and Sanitation	3,353,225
Grand Total	167,069,799
The figures for funding requirements in this document are valid as of 30 November 2005. Project budgets and requirements normally change during the course of the year. For the latest funding requirements, contributions, and list of projects, see the Financial Tracking Service (FTS) on http://www.reliefweb.int/fts